It is curious that so little was praziquantel online done toward the
study of the intestines in the early davs, for their
ajipearance ninsi Ikivc been quite fan'iiliar to the
374
IIIHLSCHER: THE APPEXDIX .IXU ITS DISEASES.
(Nkw York
KinCAL Journal.
priests who offered sacrifices, because their duly
was to inspect them for omens, and observe that
they were in a health)' condition ; for the gods
were supposed to abhor disease in praziquantel price any of their
victims. War also of the kind that was waged in
early days must have often e.xposed them in the
living human subjects, and the custom of embalm-
ing afforded the Egyptian priests, who were also
the physicians, great opportunity for their study,
as the intestines were removed from the body cav-
ity in order that it might be tilled with spices. Yet
no advances seem to have been made in their study.
^\s a matter of fact, the intestines were looked on
merely as tubes for reception of waste matter, and
quite beneath the notice of the scientist. Cicero, in
his De Xattira Deorum, informs the reader thit
"he knows the alimentary purchase praziquantel canal, but order praziquantel online from motives
of delicacy omits the details," and Boerhaave, writ-
ing in the seventeenth century, prefaces his chapter
on the praziquantel tablets e.xpulsion of the feces in the Institutes and
Comments with this apology, "now we come to a
nasty, but necessary part of the business,'' though
he traced the food moxidectin praziquantel through the upper part of the
tract apparently without shame. This feeling as
to the inferiority of the intestines may account for
the neglect that was their portion until they ex- praziquantel 600 mg
alted themselves by disease to that "bad eminence'"
which they occupy at the present time.
\'esalius died in 1564, and a little more than a
century afterward, Boerhaave was born ( 1668) .
During the period between \'esalius and Bcerhaave
many independent searchers sprang up, some of
them of such transcendent genius that their light
shines even to this day. There were Eustachius.
the contemporary of Vesalius, whose beautiful an-
atomical plates are still the delight of the anatom-
ist's heart, and which he was, alas, too poor to
have the jov of seeing published in his lifetime:
Fallopius, the pupil of \''esalius, and \'arolius, the
physician of Gregory the Thirteenth, whose name
lives In the "pons Varolii." Then, there was the
priest Servetus, whose deplorable death at the
stake set back the discovery of the circulation of
the blood at least half a century ; Harvey, who de-
scribed this in 1600. and Fabricius, his teacher, praziquantel uk
whose observation of the valves in the veins of the
lower extremities must have been such an aid to
his brilliant pupil.
It was about this time that an interest began to
l)e manifested in the intestines, delicately at first.
"Wie die Katze um den heissen Brei." They be-
;.;an with the mesentery, and the upper or more
honorable parts of the tract. It should be remem-
bered that there was already some work done on
the where to buy praziquantel mesentery as early as 270 B. C, for Erastratus
and Hierophilus described the white buy praziquantel vessels, or
lacteals. in the living kid. and the recep-
taculum chyli generic praziquantel and thoracic duct in the horse,
named the twelve inch portion of the intestines
and noticed the likeness of the convolutions of
the jejunum to those of the brain. In 1637 High-
more was able to distinguish between the lac-
teals and the mesenteric veins. Some time after-
ward Olaus Rudbeek distinguished the lacteals
from the lymphatics, describing for the first time
the latter order of vessels. In 1652 this 3'oung
anatomist traced the lymphatics to the thoracic duct
and hence to ihe subclavian vein, in a iiublic dem-
onstration before Christina, queen of Sweden. It
.seems to have been a custom of those times to make
public demonstrations of any newly acquired
knowledge, as if a victory that concerned every-
lx)dy had been won over ignorance. This practice
did not fail to bring glory to the individual, hut
was not order praziquantel without its dangers, for Wirsung was
enviously assassinated on the evening of the day
upon which he demonstrated so beautifully the pan-
creatic duct. Peyer and P>runner were at work praziquantel biltricide
also about this time, and with the aid of the mi-
croscope, that Leeuwenhoek was bringing to a high
stage buy praziquantel online of usefulness, they opened up new fields to
both the anatomist and the physiologist. Then
Ruysch was pursuing his methods of research by
injecting the hollow chambers of the buy praziquantel for humans body, so that
it was said praziquantel cost of him that "nothing in the human
economy escaped his pipette."
The advent of Boerhaave into the scientific world
marks an epoch in the development of knowledge
concerning the appendix, for he was the first to
give it the dignity of physiological utility. His de-
scription is confined to a few lines, and his physi-
ology is incorrect : yet his buy cheap praziquantel teachings are of such
a nature as to make them highly important. Boer-
haave himself is a striking figure in an important
era. He was professor in the University of Ley-
den when that institution was at the height of its
glory. His fame drew students from all parts of
the world. Peter the Great, of Russia, spent some
time in his classes. His contemporaries were Val-
salve, Santorini, and Morgagni. Yon Haller was
for some time his pupil, and he collaborated w'ith
the brilliant young Xuck, of whom he writes : "I praziquantel mg
have seen him more than a hundred times spread
out the mesentery on a table, and. with a steel tube
inserted into the least of the lymphatics, demon-
strate the whole system." Boerhaave's standing,
and his place in the scientific world, is gone into
here in order that due weight may be given purchase praziquantel online to his
teachings, and that an ignorance of his subject may
not be suggested as an excuse for the contradiction
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